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Home » Conference Information » Invited Papers details » IS12: Transmission Equations for Single and Multiple Antenna Systems – from Basic Formulations to Antenna Measurements in Complex Environments

IS12: Transmission Equations for Single and Multiple Antenna Systems – from Basic Formulations to Antenna Measurements in Complex Environments

Thursday 3:40 - 4:20pm - Room Bordeaux

Thomas Eibert

Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Thomas F. Eibert received the Dipl.-Ing. (FH) degree in electrical engineering from Fachhochschule Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany, the Dipl.-Ing. degree in electrical engineering from Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany, and the Dr.-Ing. degree in electrical engineering from Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany, in 1989, 1992, and 1997, respectively. From 1997 to 1998, he was with the Radiation Laboratory, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. From 1998 to 2002, he was with Deutsche Telekom, Darmstadt, Germany. From 2002 to 2005, he was with the Institute for High-Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques of FGAN e.V., Wachtberg, Germany, where he was the Head of the Department of Antennas and Scattering. From 2005 to 2008, he was a Professor of Radio Frequency Technology with the Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. Since 2008, he has been a Professor of High-Frequency Engineering with the Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. His current research interests include numerical electromagnetics, wave propagation, measurement and field transformation techniques for antennas and scattering, and all kinds of antenna and microwave circuit technologies for sensors and communications. 

Abstract

Under far-field conditions, the transmission of electromagnetic waves is commonly described by the Friis transmission equation, which is just derived from energy conservation. Wave propagation effects can be included by ray concepts together with appropriate phase terms. The corresponding transmit and receive antenna transfer functions indicate that the transmission and reception behaviors of electromagnetic waves are different in the time domain due to different frequency dependencies and some people even say that single antennas are, therefore, not reciprocal in the time domain. Motivated in particular by the needs of near-field antenna measurements, we will look into a couple of near-field antenna transmission equations, where we will find that spectral formulations of such transmission equations are commonly advantageous in terms of physical insight and numerical treatment and we will show that single antenna transmission equations are known, which would not raise any question on the time domain reciprocity behavior of antennas. A very flexible and numerically advantageous near-field transmission equation works with spectral propagating plane wave representations and it is found that this equation is nothing else than a near-field generalization of the Friis transmission equation. Based on this transmission equation, we will formulate antenna field transformation algorithms and we will show the performance of such algorithms for field transformations in complex environments, where reflection and scattering effects are involved or where only near-field measurements without phase information are available.

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